Introduction & Objective: Osteoporosis is a worldwide public health problem and has an increasing prevalence. In WOMEN rapid bone mass loss at beginning of menopause due to estrogen deficiency is established. This is a pilot study to estimate the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN.Materials & Methods: In this observational and cross-sectional study, we studied 502 post menopausal WOMEN that admitted consecutively to only bone densitometry center of Yazd between 2002 and 2003. We excluded whom with diagnosis of osteoporosis, chrollic, metabolic and bone disease, previous oopherectomy/hysterectomy and consumption of bone metabolism affected drugs. A questionnaire containing of demographic data was completed. lumbar spine and femoral region bone density was measured using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the Doctor Mojibian Hospital, YAZO, by only one educated technician.  Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 11.5 and wit Chi Square, Anova and Kappa tests.Results: We studied 502 post menopausal WOMEN between 50 to 85 years old and with mean age of 60.78± 7.05 year. The results of the bone mineral density (BMD) in gm/cm2 were compared to the peak bone density (P6D) in healthy young WOMEN (T-score). Based on the definition of World Health Organization (WHO), the T-score value was considered for analysis. Accordingly, 138 (27.5%) subjects showed normal result, while 261 (52%) subjects showed osteopenia, 103 (20.5%) subject showed osteoporosis due to L2-L4 spine BMD. On the other hand, 70 (13.94%) subjects showed normal result, while 216 (43.03%) subjects showed osteopenia, 216 (43.03%) subject showed osteoporosis due to femoral region BMD. Only 261 (52%) of cases showed one diagnosis in both regions and others (241 cases, 48%) had different diagnosis based on measured region.Conclusions: Osteopenia and osteoporosis are common among POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN in YAZD and in extent, similar to Saudi Arabia and should be considered as a matter of public hearth. Bone densitometry should be used to assess the severity of bone loss, identify those who need therapy and for follow up and early diagnosis of those with osteopenla in order to institute proper therapy and avoid future osteoporosis.

Background and aim: One of aspects in marital satisfaction is sexual. It has a significant role in mental health of families. With respect to increasing age and life expectancy of Iranian WOMEN, studying about sexual aspects of POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN can promote their health and quality of life. This descriptive study was conducted to determine sexual satisfaction of POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN referring to healthcare clinics affiliated to Medical Universities in Tehran in 2008.Materials and methods: 270 WOMEN were selected by convenience sampling method. A questionnaire completed by interview was used for data collection. It included 2 parts: demographic and sexual satisfaction items. Different statistical tests were used for data analysis.Findings: Mean age of WOMEN was 52.49±4.93. Their sexual satisfaction was desired (58.9%) but their sexual drive was undesired (66.3%). All sexual aspects had a significant relationship with the satisfaction of WOMEN from sexual activities (P<0.001). Arousal was significantly related to educational level of husbands (P<0.01), and orgasm as well as resolution to the number of abnormal children (P<0.05), hormone therapy and a specific disease (P<0.01).Conclusion: Although POSTMENOPAUSAL stage is associated with decreased level of sexual hormones and drive, intimate relationship with spouse, increased educational level leading to increased knowledge, adaptation with menopause, hormone therapy and decreased stress as well as complications of chronic diseases can increase sexual satisfaction.

Nowadays, WOMEN have a longer menopausal duration due to the worldwide dramatic life expectancy increase. Sexual dysfunction is one of the most prevalent problems during menopause that affect WOMEN`s quality of life, mental health, and interpersonal relationship. This study aimed to investigate sexual dysfunction and its contributing factors amongst married POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 164 POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN who attended the menopause clinic of the academic hospitals in Mashhad during 2017-2018. Data were collected using a checklist that included demographic and reproductive information and the validated Persian version of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire (FSFI). The mean age of participants was 53. 55±, 6. 25 years. The mean FSFI score was 20. 06±, 6. 66, and 65. 2% of WOMEN had sexual dysfunction. The most disturbed sexual domains were,desire (86%, n: 141), arousal (82. 3%, n: 135), lubrication (71. 3%, n: 117) and sexual satisfaction (70. 1%, n: 115), respectively. The partner`s age (P=0. 01), time since menopause onset (P=0. 01), age at marriage (P=0. 02), and frequency of sexual intercourse (P˂, 0. 0001) had a significant relationship with sexual function. The sexual function of POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN in this study was highly deteriorated. The associated factors were,older age of the spouse, younger age at marriage, longer time since menopause onset, and lower frequency of sexual intercourse. It is important to determine perimenopausal WOMEN who are at potential risk of sexual dysfunction and consult them for preventive programs and strategies.

Objective (s): Menopause is a normal event in the WOMEN’ s lives and as one of the most important issues in reproductive health has a special importance. Since healthy sexual life and sexual satisfaction are one of the major issues associated with this era, the present study was conducted to determine the factors affecting the sexual satisfaction of POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 50 POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN referring to health centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran in 2017. Data was collected the Larsson's sexual satisfaction questionnaire. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Pearson correlation. Results The mean age of the WOMEN was 55. 3 years and the mean score of their sexual satisfaction was 85. 30. Most WOMEN (66%) had moderate sexual satisfaction. There was a direct and significant relationship between sexual satisfaction and duration of marriage, marital life satisfaction, satisfaction with sex with a spouse, intercourse intervals satisfaction and the wanted marriage (P <0. 05). The average score of sexual satisfaction was higher in WOMEN who had not sexual relationship problems. Conclusion: The evaluation of sexual satisfaction of POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN by health care providers and the use of strategies to improve it by training couples' relationship skills and sexual performance are recommended.